The Behavior of the Al-Kadhim Minaret during Earthquakes: A Virtual Study

The study focuses on the causes of minaret tilting as well possible solutions. major aims this are to improve knowledge historical tall structure stability and rehabilitation operations using finite element approach model soil (PLAXIS 3D 2020), a platform for computational investigation modeling. numerical analysis identify stresses, settlement, deformation in various scenarios like Earthquakes, explosions, winds. simulation problem by PLAXIS revealed that greatest lateral displacement computed at Top Minaret is 5.5 cm, vertical movement calculated be 3 cm. Seismic settlement effect earthquake shaking, causing densification with lower relative density.